Kľúč odpovede na pracovný hárok DNA a replikácie
DNA And Replication Worksheet Answer Key provides users with a structured learning experience through three progressively challenging worksheets designed to deepen their understanding of DNA structure and replication processes.
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DNA And Replication Worksheet Answer Key – Easy Difficulty
Kľúč odpovede na pracovný hárok DNA a replikácie
Názov: ___________________________
Dátum: ___________________________
**Instructions:** This worksheet will help you understand the basics of DNA and its replication process. Complete the exercises below by following the instructions carefully.
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**I. Fill in the Blanks**
Doplňte vety tak, že na prázdne miesta doplníte príslušné slová zo slova banka.
Banka slov:
nucleotide, double helix, bases, replication, RNA, thymine, adenine, cytosine, guanine
1. DNA sa skladá zo stavebných blokov nazývaných __________.
2. The structure of DNA is often described as a __________.
3. The four nitrogenous __________ found in DNA are adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine.
4. DNA __________ is the process by which a cell makes a copy of its DNA.
5. In DNA, adenine pairs with __________ and cytosine pairs with __________.
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**II. True or False**
Read each statement and write “True” or “False” next to each.
1. DNA is the genetic material in most organisms. __________
2. RNA and DNA have the same bases. __________
3. Thymine is found in RNA. __________
4. DNA replication occurs before a cell divides. __________
5. The process of replication results in one copy of DNA. __________
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**III. Multiple Choice**
Pri každej otázke zakrúžkujte správnu odpoveď.
1. Which of the following enzymes is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during replication?
a) DNA polymeráza
b) Helikáza
c) Ligáza
d) Prvoradá
2. What is the base that pairs with adenine in DNA?
a) Cytozín
b) Guanine
c) Thymine
d) uracil
3. During DNA replication, new nucleotides are added to which end of the growing strand?
a) 3′ end
b) 5′ end
c) Both ends
d) Nič z vyššie uvedeného
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**IV. Short Answer**
Odpovedzte stručne na nasledujúce otázky.
1. What is the role of DNA in living organisms?
______________________________________________________________________
2. Why is the process of DNA replication important for cell division?
______________________________________________________________________
3. What are the differences between DNA and RNA?
______________________________________________________________________
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**V. Diagram Labeling**
Below is a diagram of a DNA molecule. Label the following parts on the diagram:
- Cukor
– Fosfátová skupina
– dusíkaté zásady
– Vodíkové väzby
(Diagram provided by teacher)
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**VI. Reflection**
Write a few sentences about what you learned about DNA and its replication. How does understanding DNA help in fields like medicine or genetics?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
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**Koniec pracovného listu**
**Answer Key**
I. Vyplňte prázdne miesta
1. nucleotide
2. double helix
3. základy
4. replication
5. thymine; guanine
II. True or False
1. Pravda
2. Nepravdivé
3. Nepravdivé
4. Pravda
5. Nepravdivé
III. Multiple Choice
1. b) Helicase
2. c) Thymine
3. a) 3′ end
IV. Krátka odpoveď
1. DNA carries genetic information essential for growth, development, and functioning of living organisms.
2. DNA replication ensures that each daughter cell receives an exact copy of the DNA during cell division.
3. DNA has thymine, is double-stranded, and stores genetic information; RNA has uracil, is single-stranded, and plays a role in protein synthesis.
V. Drawings will vary; students should correctly label the parts as instructed.
VI. Reflections will vary based on student responses
DNA And Replication Worksheet Answer Key – Medium Difficulty
DNA And Replication Worksheet
Názov: ___________________________
Dátum: ___________________________
Časť 1: Viacnásobný výber
Vyberte správnu odpoveď pre každú otázku.
1. What is the primary function of DNA?
A) Energy storage
B) Genetic information storage
C) Protein synthesis
D) Cell membrane structure
2. Which of the following enzymes is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during replication?
A) DNA polymerase
B) Helicas
C) Primase
D) Ligase
3. During DNA replication, which base pairs with adenine?
A) Thymine
B) Cytosine
C) Guanine
D) Uracil
4. What is the name of the process by which DNA is copied into RNA?
A) Translation
B) Replikácia
C) Transcription
D) Mutation
5. In DNA replication, which strand is synthesized continuously?
A) Lagging strand
B) Leading strand
C) Template strand
D) Antisense strand
Časť 2: Vyplňte prázdne miesta
Complete the following sentences using the words provided in the box.
Box: nucleotide, helicase, replication fork, complementary, antiparallel
1. The structure of DNA is described as a double helix where the strands are _____ to each other.
2. The point where the DNA splits into two single strands during replication is known as the _______.
3. Each DNA strand is made up of smaller units called _______.
4. The enzyme _____ is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix.
5. The two strands of DNA run in opposite directions, which is referred to as being _______.
Časť 3: Krátka odpoveď
Na nasledujúce otázky odpovedzte celými vetami.
1. Describe the role of DNA polymerase in DNA replication.
2. Explain the significance of the base-pairing rules during DNA replication.
3. Aký je rozdiel medzi vedúcim reťazcom a zaostávajúcim reťazcom v replikácii DNA?
Časť 4: Označenie diagramom
Below is a diagram of a DNA molecule and its replication process. Label the following parts:
1. Vedúci prameň
2. Zaostávajúci prameň
3. DNA helikáza
4. Replication fork
5. Okazakiho fragmenty
Časť 5: Pravda alebo nepravda
Označte, či je každý výrok pravdivý alebo nepravdivý.
1. DNA can replicate itself without any enzymes.
2. RNA plays a crucial role in the process of DNA replication.
3. DNA ligase is involved in joining Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand.
4. The process of DNA replication is semi-conservative.
5. Only eukaryotic cells undergo DNA replication.
Kľúč odpovede:
Časť 1: Viacnásobný výber
1. B
2.
3.
4. C
5. B
Časť 2: Vyplňte prázdne miesta
1. complementary
2. replication fork
3. nucleotide
4. helicase
5. antiparallel
Časť 3: Krátka odpoveď
1. DNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand during replication, ensuring that the new DNA is a complement of the original strand.
2. The base-pairing rules ensure that adenine pairs with thymine and guanine pairs with cytosine, allowing for accurate replication of genetic information.
3. The leading strand is synthesized continuously in the direction of the replication fork, whereas the lagging strand is synthesized in short fragments (Okazaki fragments) away from the replication fork direction.
Časť 4: Označenie diagramom
(Answers will depend on the diagram provided for labeling.)
Časť 5: Pravda alebo nepravda
1. Nepravdivé
2. Nepravdivé
3. Pravda
4.
DNA And Replication Worksheet Answer Key – Hard Difficulty
DNA And Replication Worksheet
Názov: ___________________________
Dátum: ___________________________
Časť 1: Viacnásobný výber
Vyberte správnu odpoveď.
1. What is the function of DNA polymerase during DNA replication?
a) Unwinds the DNA double helix
b) Synthesizes new DNA strands
c) Joins Okazaki fragments
d) Proofreads the DNA
2. What is the primary structure of DNA?
a) Single-stranded
b) Dvojitá špirála
c) Triple-stranded
d) Circular
3. Which of the following base pairs correctly matches in DNA?
a) Adenín – Cytozín
b) Guanín – tymín
c) adenín – tymín
d) Cytosine – Uracil
4. During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
a) Fáza G1
b) S fáza
c) Fáza G2
d) M fáza
5. The leading strand is synthesized in which direction?
a) 3′ až 5′
b) 5′ až 3′
c) Randomly
d) In segments
Časť 2: Pravda alebo nepravda
Uveďte, či je tvrdenie pravdivé alebo nepravdivé.
6. Replikácia DNA je semikonzervatívny proces.
7. The enzyme helicase is responsible for proofreading the new strands of DNA.
8. RNA primers are necessary for the initiation of DNA replication.
9. The lagging strand is synthesized continuously in the direction of the replication fork.
10. Mutations can occur during DNA replication if errors are not corrected.
Časť 3: Krátka odpoveď
Na nasledujúce otázky odpovedzte celými vetami.
11. Popíšte úlohu helikázy pri replikácii DNA.
12. What are Okazaki fragments, and why are they present on the lagging strand?
13. Explain the significance of the antiparallel nature of DNA during replication.
14. How does the presence of telomeres impact DNA replication in eukaryotic cells?
15. Identify and discuss two factors that can lead to mutations during DNA replication.
Časť 4: Označenie diagramom
Below is a diagram of a DNA replication fork. Label the following parts:
– Vedúci prúd
– Zaostávajúci prameň
– RNA primer
- DNA polymeráza
– Okazakiho fragmenty
[Insert a simple illustration of a DNA replication fork here for labeling.]
Časť 5: Priraďovanie
Spojte výraz vľavo so správnym popisom vpravo.
16. DNA ligáza
17. Primáš
18. Nukleotid
19. Prameň šablóny
20. Codon
a) Joins Okazaki fragments
b) Adds RNA primers
c) Basic unit of DNA
d) Acts as a guide for new strand synthesis
e) A sequence of three nucleotides coding for an amino acid
Kľúč odpovede
1 B
2 B
3 C
4 B
5 B
6. Pravda
7. Nepravdivé
8. Pravda
9. Nepravdivé
10. Pravda
11. Helicase unwinds the DNA double helix to allow access for replication.
12. Okazaki fragments are short segments of DNA synthesized on the lagging strand due to the discontinuous nature of its replication away from the replication fork.
13. The antiparallel nature means that one strand runs 5′ to 3′ while the other runs 3′ to 5′, which is crucial for the enzymes that synthesize new strands.
14. Telomeres protect the ends of chromosomes from deterioration, and their length may affect the number of times a cell can divide.
15. Errors in complementary base pairing and external factors like radiation can lead to
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How to use DNA And Replication Worksheet Answer Key
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